采用组间平均联结法对深圳市主要植被群落进行划分,并应用Gleason丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数对主要植被群落的物种多样性水平进行比较分析。结果表明:深圳市城市森林可以划分为5个群系组和31个群落类型;各群落类型的物种多样性均表现为灌木层>乔木层,常绿阔叶人工林的乔木层和灌木层的生物多样性指数均最低,常绿落叶阔叶人工林乔木层丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、均匀度指数均最高,常绿阔叶人工林的乔木层优势种比较明显。

目的 为了选育出适宜南方低山丘陵区栽植的白花泡桐优良无性系。 方法 以湖北省赤壁市5年生的18个泡桐无性系为研究对象，对其4个生长性状（胸径、主干高、总材积、接干高）和2个干形性状（主干削度、形数）进行变异分析、遗传参数估算、性状间的相关性分析以及多性状综合评价。 结果 结果表明：各性状在无性系间的差异均达到极显著水平。胸径、主干高、总材积、接干高和形数的重复力较大，均在0.785 8以上，主干削度的重复力较小（0.516 3）。胸径、主干高、总材积和接干高之间均呈极显著的表型和遗传正相关关系；除与主干高、接干高分别呈不显著和显著的表型负相关外，主干削度与其它性状间的表型和遗传负相关关系均达极显著水平；除与主干高呈不显著的表型正相关外，形数与其它性状间的表型和遗传相关关系均达极显著水平；通过多性状选择指数方程选择出的3个优良无性系与CK相比，其胸径、主干高、总材积、接干高、主干削度和形数的遗传增益分别为13.33%、6.59%、28.68%、40.08%、12.99%和8.89%，实际增益分别为13.82%、7.55%、32.04%、43.31%、25.16%和11.31%。 结论 依据建立的多性状指数方程，选择出适宜在南方低山丘陵区栽植的白花泡桐优良无性系3个，分别为01-23、01-22和1-58，入选率17%。

采用选择典型样株和随机取样的方法,对杜仲果实含胶特性的个体变异规律及其与若干宏观性状的相关性进行了系统研究。结果表明,无性系间的果长、果宽、果厚、果形指数、果实千粒质量、果皮含胶率、果实含胶率和单果含胶量都存在极显著差异。在供试的35个无性系中,果皮含胶率极显著高于对照的有14个无性系,果实含胶率极显著高于对照的有15个无性系;无性系果实含胶率和果皮含胶率与果实主要形态性状的相关性均未达到显著水平,而单果含胶量则与果长、果宽、果厚、果实千粒质量的相关性均达到了极显著水平,与果皮含胶率和果实含胶率的相关性也达到了极显著水平。

以白花泡桐优树'白优2号’为试验材料,通过组织培养和试管嫁接方法,对白花泡桐优树材料的幼化技术进行了研究。结果表明:外植体初代培养萌发的嫩芽为最适合的接穗;'建始桐3号’为试管嫁接较合适的砧木;采用劈接进行;MS+NAA 0.3 mg·L-1 +蔗糖30 g·L-1为试管嫁接培养基; 继代增殖和生根培养基分别为1/2MS+6-BA 6.0 mg·L -1 + NAA 0.3 mg·L-1+蔗糖20 g·L-1和1/2MS+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1。

以华仁杏6个杂交组合为实验材料,利用SSR分子标记技术研究亲本与杂种扩增谱带的多态性,以甄别真假杂种。筛选出在亲本和杂种之间存在双亲互补带型的引物6对,除2个杂种无法鉴别外,其余品种均可鉴别为真杂种。另外亲缘关系和遗传变异分析结果表明,各个组合杂交后代表现出来的一致性较高,遗传多样性水平相差不大,但当父本选择X1时,母本选择H1或H3杂交后代差异比较显著。

In order to reveal the formation reasons for different colors of ornamental Eucommia leaf, the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides ‘Hongye’, E. ulmoides ‘Miye’ and E. ulmoides ‘Xiaoye’ were studied by using freehand section combined with photosynthetic pigments and anthocyanin content measurement. The results showed that for E. ulmoides ‘Hongye’, the front of the blade was dark red while the back was green, the pigment causing redness concentrates on the leaf palisade tissue; among the three varieties, Ca was 1.100 3~1.314 8 mg·g-1, Cb was 0.435 4~0.467 0 mg·g-1, CCar was 0.384 7~0.445 5 mg·g-1, CT was 1.462 5~1.781 8 mg·g-1, CF was 0.140 8~0.304 2 mg·g-1, CCar and CF of E. ulmoides ‘Hongye’ were significantly higher than that of E. ulmoides ‘Miye’ and E. ulmoides ‘Xiaoye’, while CT/CCar was significantly lower than E. ulmoides ‘Miye’ and E. ulmoides ‘Xiaoye’, moreover, the Ca, Cb, Ca/Cb and CT showed no significant difference between E. ulmoides. ‘Hongye’ and E. ulmoides ‘Miye’. The conclusion in this study stated that the anthocyanin and carotenoids contents were higher, which was the main reason for forming red color of E. ulmoides ‘Hongye’.

采用双向凝胶电泳和质谱检测技术，对自交不亲和的杏李品种‘风味玫瑰’自花及异花授粉（‘风味玫瑰’ב恐龙蛋’）的花柱进行差异性蛋白质组学研究。研究结果表明，自花授粉与异花授粉有79个差异蛋白点，表达量差异在2倍以上的蛋白点有43个，其中自花授粉中表达丰度明显升高的蛋白点有6个，表达丰度明显降低的蛋白点有37个。只有34个蛋白点在质谱分析中成功鉴定，其中5种蛋白质分别为催化调节蛋白、防御/胁迫蛋白、结构蛋白等。这5种蛋白质直接或间接地影响花粉管在花柱中的生长。

以"毛泡桐×白花泡桐"的优良无性系TF33和两个标准对照品种(白花泡桐C001与兰考泡桐C125)为试验材料, 研究了泡桐优良无性系干材表型性状的杂种优势。结果表明:(1)TF33、C001、C125无性系间各性状存在广泛和显著的变异;(2)3个生长性状(接干高、接干材积和主干材积)与3个干形性状(通直度、接干形数和主干平均削度)为高度变异性状(CV≥30%), CV变幅为33.10%53.19%;(3)接干因子是影响和决定性状杂种优势最终状况和总体表现的最重要因素;(4)通直度性状的遗传改良是毛泡桐×白花泡桐杂种无性系干形遗传改良的关键和瓶颈;(5)多数性状间存在极显著或显著的相关性, 且不同的性状间相关性变化较大;(6) TF33较C001有显著的材积生长杂种优势, 较C125没有显著杂种优势。

Paulownia wood is of great quality, but the wood stain is easily occurred after sawing. 29 Paulownia fortunei trees which have excellent growing properties were selected by properties of wood color, 5 indexes were used to compare and analyze the wood color, including psychometric lightness, red degree, yellow degree, color difference and Hunter whiteness. The result shows that the differences of each index among individuals reach to an extremely significant level. It is concluded that certain potentiality exists in excellent selection from individuals. The Cluster analysis of all individuals with the 5 indexes was did by median method, 5 individuals which prior clustered together: superior fortunei 4, superior fortunei 25, superior fortunei 5, superior fortunei 3 and superior fortunei 2 were selected, the selection rate is 17.24%. The Hunter whiteness and psychometric lightness values of individuals selected were significantly higher than other clusters, the color difference were significantly lower than other clusters, the red degree and yellow degree were in the middle, the average Hunter whiteness values of individuals selected reached to 75.060, the selection differential was 3.818, selection intensity was 1.297. These individuals have excellent color properties, superior stem form and no disease, can be widely applied in the production.

采用选择典型样株和随机取样的方法对杜仲果实含胶率的年变化及逐年变化特点和规律进行了研究。结果表明,杜仲果实内含胶特性的年变化特点可以划分为两个阶段:在果实基本停止生长以前,果皮和果实含胶率变化与果实的生长发育密切相关,果皮和果实含胶率随着果实的生长而迅速提高;在果实基本停止生长以后,含胶率提高缓慢。不同树龄杜仲果皮和果实的含胶率比较稳定。采用高接换雌建园和嫁接苗建园两种方式建立杜仲高产胶果园都具有十分明显的增产效果。